The Host Chapter 24: Tolerated

The facts used to demonstrate that I didn't smell lovely. I'd lost tally of how long I'd spent here-was it over seven days now? more than two?- and every one of them perspiring into a similar garments I'd worn on my heartbreaking desert trek. So much salt had dried into my cotton shirt that it was wrinkled into unbending accordion wrinkles. It used to be light yellow; presently it was a splotchy, infected glancing print in a similar dull purple shading as the cavern floor. My short hair was crunchy and lumpy; I could feel it hanging out in wild knot around my head, with a solid peak on top, similar to a cockatoo's. I hadn't seen my face as of late, yet I envisioned it in two shades of purple: cavern earth purple and mending wound purple. So I could comprehend Jeb's point-indeed, I required a shower. Also, a difference in garments too, to put forth the shower worth the attempt. Jeb offered me a portion of Jamie's garments to wear while mine dried, however I would not like to demolish Jamie's couple of things by extending them. Fortunately, he didn't attempt to offer me anything of Jared's. I wound up with an old yet clean wool shirt of Jeb's that had the sleeves ripped off, and a couple of blurred, holey cutoff warm up pants that had gone unclaimed for quite a long time. These were hung over my arm-and a rough hill of abhorrent smelling, inexactly shaped pieces that Jeb guaranteed was custom made desert plant cleanser was in my grasp as I followed Jeb to the live with the two streams. Again we were not the only one, and again I was hopelessly frustrated this was the situation. Three men and one lady the salt-and-pepper mesh were filling basins with water from the littler stream. An uproarious sprinkling and chuckling resounded from the washing room. â€Å"We'll simply hold up our turn,† Jeb let me know. He inclined toward the divider. I stood firmly close to him, awkwardly aware of the four sets of eyes on me, however I kept my own on the dull natural aquifer surging by underneath the permeable floor. After a short pause, three ladies left the washing room, their wet hair dribbling down the backs of their shirts-the athletic caramel-cleaned lady, a youthful blonde I didn't recollect seeing previously, and Melanie's cousin Sharon. Their giggling halted suddenly when they got a quick look at us. â€Å"Afternoon, ladies,† Jeb stated, contacting his brow as though it were the edge of a cap. â€Å"Jeb,† the caramel lady recognized dryly. Sharon and the other young lady disregarded us. â€Å"Okay, Wanda,† he said when they'd passed. â€Å"It's all yours.† I gave him a sullen look, at that point advanced cautiously into the dark room. I attempted to recall how the floor went-I was certain I had a couple of feet before the edge of the water. I removed my shoes first, so I could feel for the water with my toes. It was simply so dull. I recollected the inky appearance of the pool-ready with recommendations of what may hide underneath its dark surface-and shivered. Yet, the more I paused, the more I would need to be here, so I put the spotless garments close to my shoes, kept the malodorous cleanser, and rearranged forward cautiously until I found the lip of the pool. The water was cool contrasted with the hot quality of the external sinkhole. It felt pleasant. That didn't shield me from being alarmed, yet I could in any case welcome the sensation. It had been quite a while since anything had been cool. Still completely wearing my grimy garments, I swam in abdomen profound. I could feel the stream's present twirl around my lower legs, embracing the stone. I was happy the water was not stale it is upsetting to soil it, squalid as I seemed to be, if that were the situation. I squatted down into the ink until I was inundated to my shoulders. I ran the coarse cleanser over my garments, figuring this would be the most straightforward approach to ensure they were spotless. Where the cleanser contacted my skin, it consumed gently. I removed the lathery garments and scoured them under the water. At that point I washed them over and over until there was no chance any of my perspiration or tears could have endure, wrung them out, and laid them on the floor alongside where I thought my shoes were. The cleanser consumed all the more emphatically against my exposed skin, however the sting was tolerable on the grounds that it implied I could be perfect once more. At the point when I was finished washed, my skin prickled all over the place and my scalp felt singed. It appeared as though the spots where the wounds had shaped were more touchy than the remainder of me-they should in any case have been there. I was glad to put the acidic cleanser on the stone floor and flush my body over and over, the manner in which I had my garments. It was with an abnormal blending of help and lament that I sloshed out of the pool. The water was wonderful, similar to the sentiment of clean, if prickling, skin. Be that as it may, I'd had very enough of the visual impairment and the things I could envision into the murkiness. I searched until I found the dry garments, at that point I pulled them rapidly on and pushed my water-wrinkled feet into my perspective. I conveyed my wet garments in a single hand and the cleanser warily between two fingers of the other. Jeb giggled when I developed; his eyes were on the cleanser in my careful handle. â€Å"Smarts a piece, isn't that right? We're attempting to fix that.† He held out his hand, ensured by the tail of his shirt, and I set the cleanser in it. I didn't respond to his inquiry since we weren't the only one; there was a line standing by quietly behind him-five individuals, every one of them from the field turning. Ian was preferred choice. â€Å"You look better,† he let me know, yet I was unable to tell from his tone in the event that he was shocked or irritated that I did. He raised one arm, expanding his long, pale fingers toward my neck. I winced away, and he dropped his hand rapidly. â€Å"Sorry about that,† he mumbled. Did he mean for terrifying me now or for increasing my neck in any case? I was unable to envision that he was saying 'sorry' for attempting to murder me. Unquestionably he despite everything needed me dead. Be that as it may, I wasn't going to inquire. I began strolling, and Jeb fell into step behind me. â€Å"So, today wasn't that bad,† Jeb said as we strolled through the dull passage. â€Å"Not that bad,† I mumbled. All things considered, I wasn't killed. That was consistently an or more. â€Å"Tomorrow will be even better,† he guaranteed. â€Å"I consistently appreciate planting-seeing the supernatural occurrence of the little dead-looking seeds having such a great amount of life in them. Causes me to feel like a wilted old person may have some expected left in him. Regardless of whether it's just to be fertilizer.† Jeb chuckled at his joke. At the point when we got to the huge nursery natural hollow, Jeb took my elbow and directed me east instead of west. â€Å"Don't attempt to reveal to me you're not ravenous after all that digging,† he said. â€Å"It's not my business to give room administration. You're simply must eat where every other person eats.† I scowled at the floor yet let him lead me to the kitchen. It really was great the food was the very same thing as usual, in such a case that, marvelously, a filet mignon or a sack of Cheetos had appeared, I wouldn't have had the option to taste a thing. It took all my fixation just to make myself swallow-I preferred not to make even that little stable in the dead quietness that followed my appearance. The kitchen wasn't packed, only ten individuals relaxing against the counters, eating their intense rolls and drinking their watery soup. Be that as it may, I executed all discussion once more. I thought about to what extent things could last like this. The appropriate response was actually four days. It additionally took me that long to comprehend what Jeb was doing, what the inspiration was behind his change from the gracious host to the curmudgeonly disciplinarian. The day in the wake of turning the dirt I spent seeding and inundating a similar field. It was an alternate gathering of individuals than the day preceding; I envisioned there was a revolution of the tasks here. Maggie was in this gathering, and the caramel-cleaned lady, yet I didn't gain proficiency with her name. For the most part everybody worked peacefully. The quiet felt unnatural-a dissent against my quality. Ian worked with us, when it was unmistakably not his turn, and this troubled me. I needed to eat in the kitchen once more. Jamie was there, and he kept the room from all out quietness. I realized he was too touchy not to see the cumbersome quiet, however he intentionally overlooked it, appearing to imagine that he and Jeb and I were the main individuals in the room. He prattled about his day in Sharon's group, boasting a little about some difficulty he'd gotten into for interrupting the flow of the conversation, and grumbling about the tasks she'd given him as discipline. Jeb chastised him apathetically. The two of them did an excellent activity of acting ordinary. I had no acting capacity. When Jamie got some information about my day, all the better I could do was gaze eagerly at my food and murmur single word answers. This appeared to make him pitiful, however he didn't push me. Around evening time it was an alternate story-he wouldn't let me quit talking until I asked to be permitted to rest. Jamie had recovered his room, taking Jared's side of the bed and demanding that I take his. This was especially as Melanie recalled things, and she affirmed of the course of action. Jeb did, as well. â€Å"Saves me the difficulty of discovering somebody to play watch. Keep the firearm close and remember it's there,† he told Jamie. I fought once more, yet both the man and the kid would not hear me out. So Jamie laid down with the weapon on the opposite side of his body from me, and I worried and had bad dreams about it. The third day of tasks, I worked in the kitchen. Jeb showed me how to massage the coarse bread batter, how to spread it out in round knots and let it rise, and, later, on the best way to take care of the fire in the base of the large stone stove when it was dim enough to allow the smoke to out. Toward the evening, Jeb left. â€Å"I'm going to get some more flour,† he murmured, playing with the lash that held the firearm to his abdomen. The three quiet ladies who plied close by us didn't turn upward. I was up to my elbows in the clingy batter, however I began to scratch it off so I could tail him. Jeb smiled, flashed a glance at the oblivious ladies, and shook his head at me. At that point he spun around and ran out of the room before I

To Tide You Over

To Tide You Over To Tide You Over To Tide You Over By Maeve Maddox Tune Dedrick ponders about the articulation to hold one over: A speedy Google search saw most people accept the truism as tide me over versus tie me over. I found one apparently solid site [that] upheld the inverse. Do you know the beginning of the announcement, and the right form? I found the site that safeguards the mistake tie me over. The blogger is extremely firm in his/her dispute, however presents simply sincere belief to help it. The word tide is from the Old English word for time or season. Yuletide, for instance, implies the period of Yule. German Zeit is related with tide. Tide importance rise and fall of the ocean came into utilization in the fourteenth century. This significance got from the idea of fixed time of high water. Early English utilized the words flod for elevated tide and ebba for low tide. Tide as an action word is recorded from the 1620s. Heres the OEDs meaning of the articulation to hold over: to get over or overcome (a trouble, time of pressure, and so forth.) as though by ascending on the streaming tide, or by exploiting a good tide. Speakers to whom the articulation tide over is new erroneously compose tie over: Diary Page To Tie You Over As a rule, A Fast Cash Advance Loan Can Tie You Over Those Lean Moments To tie you over until our full survey lands, heres a first glance at the initial degrees of the battle It ought to be sufficient to tie you over until you get yourself another beau. Maybe these authors see the picture of individuals sticking to a rope, as opposed to somebody in a boat being borne up and conveyed by the tide. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Expressions class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:20 Computer Terms You Should KnowLoan, Lend, Loaned, LentWords That Begin with Q

Tradition 7 of the 12 Traditions of AA

Tradition 7 of the 12 Traditions of AA Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print A Study of Tradition 7 in AA The 12 Traditions of Alcoholics Anonymous and Al-Anon By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on January 29, 2020 Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use By being self-supporting and declining outside contributions, 12-step groups protect the fellowship structure and basic spiritual foundations. Tradition 7 of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) says, Every group ought to be fully self-supporting, declining outside contributions. Being Self-Supporting One of the principals of the 12-step support groups is that each member is responsible for his or her own recovery. The first part of Tradition 7 makes it clear that responsibility extends to the members of each local group as it passes the basket for contributions to pay the rent and maintain its literature library. If the group collects more than is necessary to meet its expenses, the group can contribute to its World Service Office, which also follows this tradition by accepting no outside contributions. Although such contributions have fallen off in recent years, they are important in helping to carry the message worldwide. Rejecting Outside Contributions The second part of this tradition addresses the issue of the fellowship not becoming involved with outside issues or conflicts that could arise by accepting outside contributions. If such contributions were accepted the group and its members might feel obligated to make some kind of concessions to the individual or organization making the donation. Declining these contributions keeps the fellowship independent from outside influences. It also cuts out the need to constantly chase donor funding and government grants. As the Internet became a part of  daily life, members of 12-step groups naturally began gathering together online for mutual support. Many of 12-step online support groups (but not all) were able to adhere to Tradition 7 and remain self-supporting, keeping outside advertising off of their websites and out of their online meetings. Taking Responsibility AA member Althea notes the many benefits of this tradition for the alcoholic, the group, and for AA as a whole. Many come to AA at rock bottom, without a job or place to stay. No payment is required at AA, but as the alcoholic gets sober and begins to make progress in other areas of his life, he is able to place a contribution in the basket at the meeting. It makes him responsible for the first time (for many) to take care of himself and give back to the group. Those in AA who have been in the program for years might think they have contributed enough and leave the burden of being financially responsible to newcomers. The AA co-founders understood this and Tradition 7 protects the program from getting outside help. The program shows how an alcoholic who was socially irresponsible came to be responsible. Enhancing Dignity The dignity of the member is also built by allowing him to take care of the groups needs. AA member Tigger notes, For a long time some of us were that pitiful drunk. Some people felt we were only looking for a handout in life. Maybe some of us were, but no more. Now with our pennies, we help  maintain our own sobriety. We need to only rely on ourselves and each other for the most precious gifts: dignity and sobriety. AA member Chuck notes, We didnt and dont take money from outsiders, no matter how kind or well-intentioned. W.H.O. stands for We Help Ourselves.

The Racial Profiling Debate No Pros, Only Cons

The debate over racial profiling never leaves the news, but many people lack a clear understanding of what it is, let alone its purported pros and cons.  In a nutshell, racial profiling factors into how authorities identify  individuals suspected of various crimes, including terrorism, illegal immigration or drug trafficking. Opponents of racial profiling argue that not only is targeting members of certain groups unfair, but it is also ineffective in tackling crime. Although the practice garnered much support after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, the case against racial profiling outlines how it has routinely fallen short, even proving to be a hindrance in legal investigations. Defining Racial Profiling Before delving into the argument against racial profiling, its necessary to identify just what the practice is. In a 2002 speech at Santa Clara University Law School, then California Chief Deputy Attorney General Peter Siggins defined racial profiling as a practice that refers to government activity directed at a suspect or group of suspects because of their race, whether intentional or because of the disproportionate numbers of contacts based upon other pre-textual reasons.   In other words, sometimes authorities question a person based solely on race because they believe a particular group is more likely to commit certain crimes. Other times, racial profiling may occur indirectly. Say certain goods are being smuggled into the United States. Each smuggler law enforcement apprehends has ties to a certain country. Thus, being an immigrant from that country is likely to be included in the profile authorities craft of what to look for when trying to spot the smugglers. But is just being from that country enough to give authorities reason to suspect someone of smuggling? Racial profiling opponents argue that such a reason is discriminatory and too broad in scope. Origins Criminologists credit Howard Teten, former FBI chief of research, with popularizing profiling, according to Time magazine. In the 1950s, Teten profiled by attempting to pinpoint a criminals personality traits through evidence left at crime scenes, including how the perpetrator committed the crime. By the early 1980s, Tetens techniques had trickled down to local police departments. However, many of these law enforcement agencies lacked sufficient training in psychology to profile successfully. Moreover, while Teten profiled mostly in homicide investigations, local police departments were using profiling in mundane crimes such as robberies, Time reports. Enter the crack-cocaine epidemic of the 1980s. Then, the Illinois State Police began targeting drug runners in the Chicago area. Most of the first couriers the state police apprehended were young, Latino males who failed to give satisfactory answers when asked where they were headed, Time reports. So, the state police developed a profile of the young, Hispanic, confused male as drug runner. Before long, the Drug Enforcement Agency developed a strategy similar to the Illinois State Polices, leading to the seizure of 989,643 kilograms of illegal narcotics by 1999. While this feat was undeniably impressive, it doesnt reveal how many innocent Latino men were stopped, searched and apprehended by police during the war on drugs. Evidence Against the Practice Amnesty International argues that the use of racial profiling to stop drug couriers on highways proved ineffective. The human rights organization cites a 1999 survey by the Department of Justice to make its point. The survey found that, while officers disproportionately focused on drivers of color, they found drugs on 17  percent  of whites searched but on just 8  percent  of blacks. A similar survey in New Jersey found that while, once again, drivers of color were searched more, state troopers found drugs on 25  percent  of whites searched compared to on 13  percent  of blacks and on 5  percent  of Latinos searched. Amnesty International also references a study of the U.S. Customs Services practices by Lamberth Consulting to make the case against racial profiling. The study found that, when Customs agents stopped using racial profiling to identify drug smugglers and focused on suspects behavior, they raised their rate of productive searches by more than 300 percent. Hampering Criminal Investigations Racial profiling has undermined some high-profile criminal investigations. Take the Oklahoma City bombings of 1995. In that case, officers initially investigated the bombings with Arab males in mind as suspects. As it turned out, white American men committed the crime. Similarly, during the Washington D.C. area sniper investigation, the African  American man and boy ultimately accused of the crime reportedly were able to pass through multiple road blocks with the alleged murder weapon in their possession, in part, because police profilers theorized the crime had been committed by a white male acting alone, Amnesty points out. Other cases in which racial profiling proved futile were the arrests of John Walker Lindh, who is white; Richard Reid, a British citizen of West Indian and European ancestry; Jose Padilla, a Latino; and Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, a Nigerian; on terrorism-related charges. None of these men fit the profile of Arab terrorist and indicate that the authorities should focus on ones behavior rather than on ones race or national origin in targeting terrorism suspects. Senior international security experts have suggested, for example, that such an approach would have increased the chances that suspected shoe-bomber Richard Reid would have been stopped before he successfully boarded an airplane he intended to attack, Amnesty International asserts. More Effective Methods of Criminal Profiling During his address to Santa Clara University Law School, Siggins described methods other than racial profiling law enforcement could use to pinpoint terrorists and other criminals. Authorities, he argued, should combine what they know about other terrorists in the U.S. with information obtained through investigations of these individuals to avoid casting too wide of a net. For example, authorities could ask: Have the subjects passed bad checks? Do they (have) multiple forms of identification with different names? Do they live in groups with no visible means of support? Does a subject use credit cards with different names on them? Siggins suggests. Ethnicity alone is not enough. If ethnic profiling of Middle Eastern men is enough to warrant disparate treatment, we accept that all or most Middle Eastern men have a proclivity for terrorism, just as during World War II, all resident Japanese had a proclivity for espionage. In fact, in the case of World War II, 10 people were convicted of spying for Japan during the course of the conflict, according to Amnesty International. None of these individuals were of Japanese, or Asian, descent. Yet, the U.S. forced more than 110,000 Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans to evacuate from their homes and be relocated in internment camps. In this situation, the fallout from racial profiling proved tragic. What to Do if Police Stop You Law enforcement may have good cause to stop you. Perhaps your tags are expired, your taillight is out or you committed a traffic violation. If you suspect something else, such as racial profiling, is to blame for being stopped, visit the American Civil Liberties Unions  Web site. The ACLU advises individuals stopped by police not to get combative with the authorities or threaten them. However, you dont have to consent to any search of yourself, your car or your house without a search warrant from police, with some exceptions. If police claim to have a search warrant, make sure to read it, the ACLU cautions. Write down everything you remember about your interaction with police as soon as possible. These notes will help if you report a violation of your rights to the police departments internal affairs division or civilian board.

History of the Iron Lung or Respirator

By definition, the iron lung is an airtight metal tank that encloses all of the body except the head and forces the lungs to inhale and exhale through regulated changes in air pressure. According to Robert Hall author of History of the British Iron Lung, the first scientist to appreciate the mechanics of respiration was John Mayow. John Mayow In 1670, John Mayow demonstrated that air is drawn into the lungs by enlarging the thoracic cavity. He built a model using bellows inside which was inserted a bladder. Expanding the bellows caused air to fill the bladder and compressing the bellows expelled air from the bladder. This was the principle of artificial respiration called external negative pressure ventilation or ENPV that would lead to the invention of the iron lung and other respirators. Iron Lung Respirator - Philip Drinker The first modern and practical respirator nicknamed the iron lung was invented by Harvard medical researchers Philip Drinker and Louis Agassiz Shaw in 1927. The inventors used an iron box and two vacuum cleaners to build their prototype respirator. Almost the length of a subcompact car, the iron lung exerted a push-pull motion on the chest. In 1927, the first iron lung was installed at Bellevue hospital in New York City. The first patients of the iron lung were polio sufferers with chest paralysis. Later, John Emerson improved upon Philip Drinker’s invention and invented an iron lung that cost half as much to manufacture.

Sample Paper Apa - the Conspiracy

Sample Paper Apa - the Conspiracy You will be happy you filled up the purchase form. Generally the format following constitutes a substantial portion of the grade, which is why in order to acquire high results students have to be familiar with important style peculiarities and ought to follow them to the dot. When many students don't have an opportunity to order a paper or would like to create it on their own, using online samples are sometimes a good way out. They decide to download such samples in order to get an overall idea of how the assignment should look like and what key points should be added. Some readers will be considering research methods utilised in your work while others might read certain points mentioned in your research. Also, the duration of a literature review and the essential range of sources will change based on course and instructor preferences. Utilizing an illustration may greatly enable you to create an appropriate structure, use necessary formatti ng procedures and shape the entire work according to professor's demands. The level of utilizing the different levels is dependent on the length and intricacy of the paper. Up in Arms About Sample Paper Apa? Newspaper articles do not need an author. Just like the literature review, the duration of this report can change by course or by journal, but most often it will be decided by the range of the research conducted. Additional information concerning the APA style is offered in the boxes. Similarly the remainder of the research topic. Learning about APA style will be an extremely rewarding experience for you, as you'll be in a position to reply it in all your next writing assignments. APA format is well-known among students owing to its simple guidelines and approach. APA recommends five-level heading purdue based on the degree of subordination. APA recommends five-level heading structure based on the degree of subordination. A title page is typically in the middle of th e page and is a concise overview of the topic. The principal title is included with the most suitable alignment. If you would like to quote a specific portion of the paper, you should incorporate the page name at the end. You've got to write in such a manner that every component of your paper is going to have logical sequence and sound structure to allow it to be comprehensive and simple to comprehend. The Sample Paper Apa Game When the simple formatting level was achieved, it's now time to organize and layout the principal outline above formatting was done in the outline document, the most important outline should be constructed. There are particular rules for each source so it's important to recognize the form of material you used to figure out which formatting rules apply. If you understand how to compose an article critique, you will readily finish the assignment not based on its complexity and formatting peculiarities. It's possible to identify duplicates and insert cit ations straight in your research paper utilizing a word processor plugin. Here's What I Know About Sample Paper Apa By downloading a sample, you are going to learn how to write reaction paper and prevent common mistakes. A lengthier discussion of different biases ought to be set aside in a block quote. For examples, there's a myth that real OCD is extremely rare. In an academe, plagiarism is a really significant offense that could sometimes lead to expulsion. With the assistance of such an outline, you are going to be able to determine how the paper will look like and will be capable of going from 1 paragraph to another smoothly. Once you make an interview paper, be sure that it has all of the important APA elements. 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Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"Hey fatty – lose some weight. † Do you believe this sound like a female parent who is superior? Harmonizing to the Western thought of what good parenting includes this would be unbearable. but if you consider this from an Eastern point of position this wouldn’t be incorrect or unnatural. In extra it seems that Chinese parents can acquire off with things that Western parents can’t which alludes to speak about two different child-rearing methods which merely has one thing in common – they do what they think is best for the kid. Amy Chua is an fervent protagonist of the eastern manner of conveying up kids and exposes some of her parentage experiences in her article â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† . In that instance one is tempted to inquire – is it so wholly right to overrule a child’s penchants in order to do them work even harder? The article â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† was published in The Wall S treet Journal on January 8th 2011 and is an infusion from a book publication â€Å"Battle Cry of The Tiger Mother† . We will write a custom essay sample on Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The author and for this ground the transmitter of the article is Amy Chua who is a professor at Yale Law School in the United States. and explains in her point how she through a unsmooth and disciplinary manner has reared her two girls who has been forced to be subjected to homework and legion of hours in forepart of the piano. As Amy Chua expresses do Chinese parents have their ain definable parenting accomplishments which they implement throughout an upbringing. For unlike western parents slackly. Amy Chua high spots that Chinese parents have one word in head they ever attend to implement in each facet of a child’s route to adulthood and that is subject. It is hence widely realized that Amy Chua witting attempts to exemplify that the western civilization and Chinese ethnicity are opposed to each other when it comes to rearing. She clarifies a â€Å"we† against â€Å"them† who strengthen her debate because she basically includes her opposition. â€Å"First. Iâ €™ve noticed that Western parents are highly dying about their children’s self-pride. They worry about how their kids will experience if they fail at something. and they invariably try to reassure their kids about how good they are notwithstanding a second-rate public presentation on a trial or at a narration. In other words. Western parents are concerned about their children’s minds. † Amy Chua is besides lucubrating on her claims utilizing grounds of what she’s reasoning for. By making this she seems more true and converting fundamentally because she substantiates her claims. â€Å"What Chinese parents understand is that nil is fun until you’re good at it. To acquire good at anything you have to work. and kids on their ain neer want to work. which is why it is important to overrule their preferences† As a effect hereof the receiving systems and readers of her article sense that much of the information we are given comes from a personal position and cognition. Therefore the text is to a great extent influenced by the author’s subjectiveness. She strongly grants favor to the Chinese method which can shock the readers because she is pass oning to a Western civilization and assail the Western manner of managing upbringing. However Amy Chua manage to do usage of the Sons entreaty which she does by the proviso of statistics â€Å"In one surv ey of 50 Western American female parents and 48 Chinese immigrant female parents. about 70 % of the Western female parents said either that â€Å"stressing academic success is non good for children† or that â€Å"parents need to further the thought that larning is fun† By contrast. approximately 0 % of the Chinese female parents felt the same manner. † This shows that the transmitter knows how dominating and converting it is to hold support from other beginnings. Besides logos Amy Chua besides uses poignancy to appeal to her receiving systems. but it is indispensable to acknowledge that she’s non making this on intent. The ground why phatos is represented is this instance is caused by the virtuous outrage people get when they read about her mode of upbringing her ain kids. The major portion of Western people feel insulted or else offended and even provoked and hassled because of her statements. With that Amy Chua is able to take the receiving systems go through an full concatenation of emotions and that is caused by poignancy. Her manner of engage the reader is hence really telling because she has her debate under control which means that her statements are substantiated. After all is it though hard to see her debate as reasoned based on her subjective line of attack. But still her rhetorical agency has a good consequence. The message is clear – Chinese female parents are superior harmonizing to Amy Chua and her sentiment is every bit apparent as a pikestaff. Her debate will possibly seems persuasive but it’s of import non to ignore the effects of following Amy Chua’s values and methods of upbringing. First of all there is a chief difference between the Eastern manner of conveying up kids which is much more directed by demands than it is in the Western universe where the delivery up is directed by permissions. It’s debatable that Amy Chua refers to the Western parents as weak. irresponsible and anti dictator in contrast to Chua’s strong. responsible and autocratic parentage. Even further it is flooring that she recommends the usage of monikers against kids – such as â€Å"Hey fatty – lose some weight† . In my point of position this verges on inhuman treatment to kids or kid maltreatment. This sort of child-rearing is lay waste toing to the develop ment of an independent personality and to be capable of trailing ain ends in life. If you as a parent choose to follow some of Amu Chua’s methods and values is it non without effects. If you actualize Chua’s methods haven’t you considered your child’s felicity and wellbeing. It is of import to convey values and virtuousnesss which make it possible for the kid to obtain a happy life – because success without happiness isn’t success. If you set up demands like the manner Chua does it will exterior consequences be a standard of a good life and this is non efficient. Because the result of this child-rearing method will non merely be a portion of a child’s adolescence. it will be a portion of them for the remainder of their life. But after all there shouldn’t be any inquiries about the fact that the chief responsibility of a parent in malice of one’s beginning is to guarantee their child’s opportunities for future success. There genuinely exists different ways to obtain this victory but Chua’s method has its drawbacks. Because most kids under these fortunes do non believe in their ain abilities and w ill in worst scenario turn out as little automatons because they are raised to make what they have been asked to make. They will lose the believe in their intuition and most of them will see a childhood where appraisal of intelligent do better than to pursuit ain passions.

Copper Cycle Lab Report Essay Example

Copper Cycle Lab Report Paper You do not need to fill in all space provided for the sake of doing so. 7. When asked to provide calculations, for full credit you must provide a labeled and systematic approach showing all steps and assumptions required to determine the required results. All calculations must be typed or written legibly. 8. You must submit the complete set of original copies (i. E. The white copies) of your Data/Observation sheets that were signed by your TA with your report. Any attempt to alter the original data or use a different set of data in the analyses maintained in this report is an act of academic dishonesty and will be penalized as such. Some marks will be allocated to the completeness of your data. 9. It is an act of plagiarism (will be penalized) to use any data or information obtained from the literature and/or Web sources without properly citing it. You should rewrite cited work in your own words, especially if the quotation spans more than a couple of sentences. 10. Staple together all pages relating to this report and submit it in the correct slot in the report cabinet before the submission deadline. Reports submitted into the wrong slot or late will be penalized. Official Report Form Page 1 of 5 Purpose Results Use your experimental data to determine the percent recovery of copper from Page 2 of 5 List the balanced net ionic equations for all reactions that you observed in this experiment. Use your observations to provide evidence for all successful reactions completed and products formed. Where applicable, list ions in their coordination complex form; for example, when Cue+ exists as the hexagon complex, use (aqua) in your equation. Note: The zinc action also forms a hexagon complex in aqueous solution. We will write a custom essay sample on Copper Cycle Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Copper Cycle Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Copper Cycle Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Copper Cycle Lab Report Essay Example Copper Cycle Lab Report Paper In conclusion my percent recovery of copper was 100% due to the adequate amounts of solutions and achievement of proper chemical reactions. Equipment and Materials: Copper Metal (penny) Nitric Acid (HON..)(aqua) Sodium Hydroxide (Noah)(aqua) sulfuric ACid Ammonium Hydroxide (NH)(aqua) Hydrochloric Acid (HCI)(aqua) Zinc powder 2 100 ml Beakers 250 ml Waste Beaker 400 ml Beaker Filter paper Plastic Dropper 250 ml Erlenmeyer Flask Forceps Plastic Funnel Red Litmus paper Spatula Steel Wool Glass stirring rod Small test tube Tongs Wash bottle Watch Glass Procedure: l. Weigh a pre-1982 penny (should be around 3 grams) II. Measure ml of concentrated nitric acid, HON..(aqua), into a 100 ml beaker under a fume hood. Place penny into the beaker of nitric acid and observe the reaction. After 5 seconds remove penny with forceps and place into second beaker. Ill. Add approximately ml of denizen water into second beaker to remove any remaining copper ion traces and place rinse into first beaker with nitric acid. Record your observations of the copper (II) nitrate, Cue(NON)2. Dry and weigh the penny to see how much of the copper mass was removed. IV. Pour the solution from the first beaker into a clean 250 ml beaker while inside the fume hood. We will write a custom essay sample on Copper Cycle Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Copper Cycle Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Copper Cycle Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Rinse the first beaker thoroughly and pour the rinse with the solution in the 250 ml beaker. V. Add 6 drops of Sodium Hydroxide, Noah(aqua), to the 250 ml beaker until a precipitate is formed. Test the solution with litmus paper by adding small amounts of sodium hydroxide to the solution until the solution is basic. Record your observations of copper (II) hydroxide, Cue(OH)2. VI. Place the 250 ml beaker on a hot plate and occasionally stir the mixture during heating. Heat mixture until the solution turns completely black. Additional heating will help indicate a chemical reaction has occurred. Record your observations of copper (II) oxide, CLIO. Turn off hot plate and carefully remove the beaker with the forceps. Allow the mixture to cool to room temperature. While waiting for the mixture to cool prepare a suction filtration set. VII. Once cooled, pour the mixture into the Boucher funnel to filter the precipitate. Rinse out the beaker and pour the rinse into the Boucher funnel. (Filtrate, solution that goes through the filter, should be clear) Empty the filtrate ND rinse the filter flask with denizen water (while the precipitate is still in the Boucher Funnel) Replace the funnel over the cleaned filter flask. VIII. Carefully add 6 drops of Sulfuric Acid, HOSES(aqua), and gently stir the Bunker Funnel until the precipitate is completed reacted away. Then wash the filter paper with a small amount of denizen water. Remove the Boucher Funnel and pour the filtrate into a clean 250 ml beaker. Record your observations of copper (II) sulfate, Cuscus. IX. Add a spatula tip quantity of zinc powder to the filtrate in the 250 ml beaker under the fume hood. Do not inhale the fumes) Add zinc powder until the solution turns clear. Reaction is complete, takes 8-10 minis) Record your observations of copper metal. X. Add a few drops of ammonium hydroxide, NH, to a small test tube. Place a drop of the solution from the previous step into the test tube using a plastic dropper. If you see a deep blue color add more zinc powder until there is no change in color of the solution in the test tube. XSL. Inside the fume hood, add a good amount of Hydrochloric Acid, HCI(aqua), to the solution in the 250 ml beaker to remove excess zinc. (accelerate reaction by eating if the reaction appears slow) XII. Take the 250 ml beaker to your lab bench. Set up a gravity filtration with a plastic funnel, folded wet filter paper, and an Erlenmeyer flask. Pour the content in the 250 ml beaker slowly through the filter paper. Wash the filter paper with denizen water. Dispose of the filtrate in the proper labeled waste container. XIII. Carefully remove the copper metal from the filter paper onto the watch glass. (with a spatula) Place a 400 ml beaker on a hot plate contained with water. Carefully place the watch glass before the water boils to dry the copper metal. Use the tongs to handle the hot watch glass) XIV. Record your observations of the dried, cooled copper metal and weigh the recovered copper. Data Collection and Observations: started with elemental copper metal and then reactions occur step by step as follows: I Experimental stage | 1. Copper metal (penny) at the start brownish, copper-colored, fine solid. Observations I Tarnished, worn out, 1 12. Recovered, wet copper metal after reaction with nitric I Light brown to greenish blue, liquid, worn out, disconsolation. I nitrate, I I acid, HON..(aqua) 1 13. Rope of Sodium Hydroxide, Noah, into copper-containing I Greenish- blue crystals forming, misty, cloudy, liquid. I I solution (Cue(NON)2) I hydroxide, 1 14. Dehydration of by heating and stirring the solution I Dark black, thin, tint of gray, liquid, black spots/dots, milky. I I until chemical reaction has occurred. I I(copper (II) oxide, Quo) 1 15. 6 drops of Sulfuric Acid, HOSES, onto the Quo precipitate. I Cell-shape in the middle , liquid-form, fizzy, bubbly, expanding, turns I I (copper(al) sulfate, Cuscus) 1 16. Small amount of zinc powder added to Cuscus I clear. I Light brown, hint, fine solid, copper- colored metal) I I (recovered, wet copper 17. Copper metal filtered and dry over a boiling water bath I Fine solid, bright, shiny, light brown, disconsolation I(dried, cooled copper metal) Chemical Reactions: cue(s) + EH+(aqua) + NEON- Cue+(aqua) + NEON(g) + 21-420 (l) Cue+(aqua) + EH-(aqua) + HEAT CLIO(s) + H2O(l) cue(s) + EH+(aqua) Cue+(aqua) + H2O(l) Cue+(aqua) + Zen(s) -> Cue(s) + Zen+(aqua) Zen(S) + EH+ Zen+(aqua) + HOC) Mass of Copper before and after the Copper Cycle I Mass of penny before any reaction grams with HON..(aqua) 12. 49 grams previous masses) | . 4 grams the completion of the copper cycle 100% Results and Discussions: | 2. 53 I Mass of penny after reaction I I Mass of copper used I (difference between the two I I Mass of copper recovered at I I Percentage of copper recovered After placing the penny into the small beaker of nitric acid, the copper in the penny reacted the acid, became copper (II) nitrate (Cue(NON)2). Then, af ter exposing of what is left of the penny and pouring the nitrate acid into a beaker, added sodium hydroxide to the solution, forming greenish-blue crystals which were copper (II) hydroxide (Couch). After a few minutes of adding heat to the proper (II) hydroxide mixture, the copper turned black which indicated that a chemical reaction has occurred called copper (II) oxide (Quo). Then, I filtered the Quo precipitate, rinsed out the beaker, and poured it into a Boucher funnel. I added sulfuric acid onto the Quo precipitate, forming cell-like structures and fizzing motions which were copper (II) sulfate (CUSCUS). After, I detached the Boucher funnel and poured the filtrate into a clean beaker and then added small amounts of zinc powder, which formed into a fine, light brown solid (recovered, wet copper metal). In order to test the completion of the recovery of the copper, placed a few drops of ammonium hydroxide (NH) into a small test tube, added a drop of the recovered, wet copper metal from the previous step, and added more zinc powder until the test tube had no change in color or the test was negative. I then removed the excess zinc by adding adequate amounts of hydrochloric acid (HCI). Next, I used a gravity filtration to filter the recovered copper and dried it with a boiling water bath. Lastly, I observed the dry copper metal, which was bright, shiny, discovered, and a fine solid, and weighed it.

Are Freuds Theories Of The Oral And Anal Personalities Like essays

Are Freud's Theories Of The Oral And Anal Personalities Like essays This question immediately raises the problem, "how are we to determine which parts of Freudian theory are 'good'?" Freud may well have argued that the evidence he documented from his psychotherapy sessions was sufficient, whilst behaviourists would demand that the various aspects of a theory could only be recognised as 'good' after being exposed to the full rigours of the scientific method. I personally don't feel that one can hope to design a repeatable experiment that will decisively illustrate the existence of, for example, the Oedipus complex. On the other hand I feel that we cannot simply accept a theory that has been moulded to fit a certain experimenters observations, coloured as they must be by their own personality, prejudices, and society. Therefore in this essay I will examine the empirical evidence from studies conducted on these most controversial of Freud's theories, and where that evidence appears on balance to give support to that particular theory, I will accept it a s 'good'. As I said earlier some will regard this measure of worth as too lax to be of any use, whilst others will object to the application of science to the process of personality development, a process that is infinitely complex and unique, and so beyond science. Freud's theories of the oral and anal personality are centred around the idea that the infant is able to experience sexual sensations, and that the basis for these sensations changes during early development. If an infant is over or under stimulated during one of these stages fixation will occur, and certain personality traits will develop. The oral personality, according to Kline (1984) consists of two not entirely opposed constellations of traits, the optimistic oral, associated with late weaning, and the pessimistic oral, associated with early weaning. As both situations cause fixation at the oral stage, many traits are common to both types. Goldman-Eisler (1951) conducted a study, th...

Agency perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Agency perspective - Essay Example All the members of the Very Bad Bike Club (VBBC) are dangerous because they engage in a number of criminal activities ranging from drug trafficking to participation in a criminal enterprise. Major Allen Irongate has his job well defined as the Security Chief of the state correctional facility. Since the member of Very Bad Bike Club (VBBC) roam Virtual, they are in constant battles with the police who are diligent to make Virtual a safe city. In this regard, a number of criminals find themselves at the correctional facility after facing prosecution from the Chief Prosecutor. The Security Chief of the state correctional facility oversees the welfare of prisoners under his docket to ensure that none of them escapes. In addition, Major Allen Irongate, who holds the docket, is responsible for the intake and release of prisoners, most of who belong to VBBC. He also has a duty to keep the records of all inmates and those released on parole. Although Major Allen Irongate has tried her best to manage the correctional facility, constant release and sentencing of same criminals have thwarted his efforts (Ferdico, Fradella, & Totten, 2013).   The perspective of the Security Chief of the state correctional facility, Major Allen Irongate is quite strange in the sense that she has her personal issues with Very Bad Bike Club (VBBC). She holds the strong opinion that the imprisonment of the majority of the VBBC members has relieved the city of Virtual of the unrest it had experienced hitherto. In fact, she feels that the correctional facility is doing its job diligently because of the marked reduction in criminal cases within the locality. It means that correctional facilities are not places where criminals face harsh disciplinary measures, but rehabilitation centers (McCullough, 2006).   Instead of reforming and becoming better citizens as Major Irongate

Different type of (Rape)(Date rape)(statutory rape) (Acquaintance Research Paper

Different type of (Rape)(Date rape)(statutory rape) (Acquaintance rape)(Dometic rape - Research Paper Example In order to have sex with the partner, a male uses many tactics. When his attempt for sex fails, he may try to rape his partner. â€Å"Estimates from national prevalence studies suggest that 13%–16% of adult women have experienced forcible rape in their lifetimes† (Testa & Livingston, 2009, p.1350). Based on the nature, rape can be classified into different categories such as date rape, statutory rape, acquaintance rape, domestic rape etc. This paper briefly analyses different types of rape and the role of a social worker in preventing it. Dating is a common life style, especially in western countries. It is a process in which a male and female engage in close relationships for enjoyment purpose. It is not necessary that all the females who establish dating relationships with the males may have the intentions of sexual intercourse. At the same time, majority of the males in dating relationships like to have sexual relationships with their partners. When a female resists the attempt of her dating partner for sexual activities, rape can takes place which can be referred as dating rape. Statutory rape occurs when one person in a sexual relationship does not crosses the legal age required to provide consent to sexual activities. It is illegal to engage in sexual relationships with people below 18 years of age in many countries. Even if the person below the age of 18 gives consent to the sexual activities, it cannot be considered as normal sexual activities because of the immaturity of the underage person to take sound decisions with respect to sexual activities. â€Å"Acquaintance rape is a sexual assault crime committed by someone who knows the victim. As a sexual assault crime, acquaintance rape includes forced, manipulated or coerced sexual contact† (Acquaintance Rape Brochure, 2002, p.1). Most of the rape incidents happen among people who are familiar to each other. Rape cases which involve strangers happen very rarely. In acquaintance

Impact of Social Exclusion on Physical and Mental Health

Impact of Social Exclusion on Physical and Mental Health Impact of social exclusion to physical and mental health of Australian children Dian Atiqah Binte Lokman O.Mahat 1.0 Introduction For the purpose of this paper, the various physical and mental health impacts of social exclusion will be discussed, with specific focus on the health of Australian children. The concept of social exclusion has become one of the widely recognised framework for understanding, measuring and addressing poverty and disadvantages in multidimensional level (Harding, McNamara, Daly and Tanton, 2009). Social exclusion is one of the many social factors that contribute to the social determinant of health. Australian children are at risk of child social exclusion with the spatial differences in areas of high social exclusion risk that are common in Australia’s rural and regional balance, and in clusters of outer areas in most of Australia’s capital cities(Harding, McNamara, Daly and Tanton, 2009). Physical and mental health implications resulting from social exclusion will be discussed in relation to social acceptance. 2.0 Social Exclusion as a Determinant of Health for Australian Children According to the British Social Exclusion Unit, ‘social exclusion is what can happen when people or areas suffer from a combination of linked problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime, poor health and family breakdown’ (Office of the Deputy Prime Minister,2004,p.2). People have a fundamental need for positive and lasting relationships. With the evolution of history, human develops the trait of belonging that enables individuals to gain acceptance and avoid rejection. As belongingness is a core component of human functioning, social exclusion influences many cognitive, emotional, and behavioural outcomes and personality expression. (DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011) Social exclusion in the school environment is increasingly being recognised as a form of relational aggression or bullying, in which a child is exposed to harm through the manipulation of their social relationships and status (Edith Cowan University, 2009). There are many form of social exclusion such as experiences being deliberately excluded from a peer group, rumours spread about them, name calling and being purposefully embarrassed. Hence, social exclusion defies a lack of connectedness, participation, alienation or disenfranchisement from certain people within the society. Based on a Social Policy Research Centre (SPRC) survey results, 1 in 6 children live in households experiencing social exclusion; experiencing four or more of the nine indicators of no week’s holiday away from home each year, children did not participate in school activities and outings, no hobby or leisure activity for children, no medical treatment if needed, no access to a local doctor or hospital, no access to a bulk-billing doctor, does not have $500 in emergency savings, could not raise $2000 in a week in an emergency and lives in a jobless household (Saunders and Naidoo, 2008). Many range of studies done by the Commonwealth of Australia Senate Community Affairs Reference Committee in 2004 shows disadvantaged children in Australia and the impact of poverty on indicators including health education and health, and the social and economic implications of poverty (Harding, McNamara, Daly and Tanton, 2009). 3.0 How Australian Children are affected through social exclusion Children that experience disadvantages suffer from negative effects throughout their life course (Saunders, Naidoo and Griffiths, 2008). Those who are consistently teased or ostracized, or are always the last ones chosen for the team; people who make fools of themselves in public presentations, or are ridiculed by superiors; and individuals who are put down, criticized, or rejected by relationship partners or because they possess devalued characteristics or social stigmas often experience social evaluative threat (SET), which occurs when the self could be negatively judged by others (Dickerson Kemeny, 2004). This leads to social pain- the emotional response to the perception that one is being excluded, rejected or devalued by a significant individual or group (MacDonald Leary, 2005) which produces specific physiological responses, including changes in the cardiovascular, neuroendocrine and immune systems (Dickerson, 2008 ; Dickerson, Grunewald Kemeny, 2004) Racial, ethnic, and cultural minority students are at greater risk than others of encountering disadvantages in school (Kaspar, 2013). In Australia and New Zealand, 11-13% of Indigenous youth reported school-based victimization in the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey (WAACHS; Zubrick et al. 2005), the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey (NATSISS; Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2010), and the Youth 2007 Survey (Clarke et al., 2009). School-based victimization is contemporaneous with, and antecedent to negative peer group conditions, including peer rejection, fewer friendships, poor quality of friendships, and perceptions of peers as hostile, untrustworthy and ill-intentioned (Salmivalli Isaacs, 2005). Based on an Australian survey, Indigenous youth were more vulnerable to emotional health difficulties due to bullying than were non-Indigenous students bullied (Blair et al., 2005). These social evaluative events that induce social pain are capable of eliciting intense emotional and physiological responses as well. Accessibility to geographical and workforce supply also contributes to the variation of child health outcome. Inequalities in health arise because of inequalities in the conditions of daily life under which we are born, develop into young children, grow into teenage years and adulthood, and live into old age (Chittleborough, Baum, Taylor Hiller, 2006; Marmot et al., 2010; WHO, 2008). High social exclusion risk are found in rural, regional areas and clusters in outer areas of Australia’s capital cities (Harding et al, 2009; Tanton et al., 2010). These reduces the opportunity for intervention and prevention of long term consequences of social deprivation on health (WHO, 2008). 4.0 Impacts of Social Exclusion on Physical and Mental Health for Australian Children The stress of belonging to a socially excluded group can have an adverse affect on mental health. Prolonged stress raises the body’s levels of cortisol and lowers immune system functioning. Chronic stress related to racism and discrimination have been linked to diabetes, cardiovascular and other diseases. Modern evidence indicates that a lack of social connectedness relates to poorer immune system functioning, poor sleep quality, increased total peripheral resistance and increase risk of death (DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011). Research suggests that the physical, emotional and mental health of children exposed to social exclusion can be compromised. Children who have been socially excluded influences a variety of outcomes, including lower immune function, reduced sleep quality, reduced ability to calm oneself in times of distress, reduced self-esteem, feelings of anxiety, depression, aggression, self-regulation pro-social behaviour, attentional processes and attitude formation. In extreme events of social exclusion, it causes a period of temporary analgesia, similar to how the body copes with severe physical injury which is both physical and emotional (DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011). Social exclusion affect the mental health of an individual that leads to aggression, anti-social behaviour, lack of self-control , negative attitude and need of attention. Social exclusion increased aggressive behaviour and hostile perception of other’s ambiguous actions (DeWall, Twenge, et al., 2009; DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011). Rejected people usually behave aggressively towards large group of people that could lead to mass violence (Gaertner et al., 2008). However, the aggression drops when they experience a sense of acceptance, social connection or regain a feeling of control with their surroundings (DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011).Those experiencing social exclusion will also be less willing to engage in pro-social action as they were not driven to behave prosocially without having a sense of belonging and acceptance from others. In a study done by (Baumeister, DeWall,Ciarocco Twenge, 2005; DeWall, Baumeister, Vohs, 2008) investigate a link that exist betw een social exclusion and self- regulation. When people experience social exclusion, the implicit bargain is broken, signalling to the excluded individual that controlling his or her impulses will no longer reap the benefits of acceptance which impairs their self-regulation (DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011). This could affect their performances when it is not linked with acceptance. Attitude plays a fundamental aspect in psychological processes. It shapes responses to create agreement with others, further emphasising on the importance of social connection that could not be achieved through social exclusion. Social exclusion also affects patterns of basic, early-in-the-stream cognitive processes that are linked to the desire for renewed affiliation of attention that could act as a building block for more complex social cognition and actions (DeWall, Deckman, Pond Bonser, 2011). Repeated or persistent exposure to social exclusion can cause individuals to experience social pain more often for longer duration which leads to more frequent or prolonged activation of the psychological systems which could lead to negative consequences such as increase in cardiovascular, neuroendocrine and immunological parameters.(Dickerson, 2011). These physiological responses maybe an important factor for determining the mechanisms through which social pain could ultimately influence health and disease (Dickerson, 2011). 5.0 Conclusion It is evident that childhood social exclusion can lead to ongoing intergenerational disadvantage and therefore it is important to identify the risk factors of such experiences and improve the pathways, opportunities and life chances of such children. Dynamic intervention of public policies and support from families are required to address the root causes of social exclusion in order to reverse the effects of social exclusion on the developmental, behavioural, and health outcomes in children. (1499 words) 6.0 References Blair, E.M., Zubrick, S.R., Cox, A, H. (2005). The Western Australia Aboriginal child health survery: fidnings to date on adolescents. Medical Journal of Australia, 183(8), 433-435 Chittleborough, C. R., Baum, F. E., Taylor, A. W., Hiller, J. E. (2006). A life course approach to measuring socioeconomic position in population health surveillance systems, Journal of Epidemiology Community Health, 60(11), 981-992 Clare, T. C., Robinson, E., Crengle, S., Grant, S,. Galbreath, R. A., Sykara, J. (2009). Youth’ 07: The health and well-being of secondary school students in New Zealand. Findings on young people and violence. Auckland, New Zealand: The University of Auckland DeWall, C. N., Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D. (2008). Satiated with belonginess? Effects of acceptance, rejection, and task framing on self-regulatory performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 1367-1382 Dewall, C. N., Deckman, T., Pond, R. S., Bonser, I. (2011) Belongingness as a Core Personality Trait: How Social Exclusion Influences Social Functioning and Personality Expression : Journal of Personality, Vol.79(6), pp.1281-1314 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Dickerson, S.S., Grunewald, T.L., Kemeny, M. E. (2004). When social self is threatened: Shame, physiology and health. Journal of personality, 72, 1191-1216. Dickerson, S.S. (2008). Emotional and physiological responses to social-evaluative threat. Social and personality Psychology Compass, 2, 1362-1378. Dickerson, S. (2011). Physiological responses to experiences of social pain. Social pain: Neuropsychological and health implications of loss and exclusion. , (pp. 79-94). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association, x, 258 pp. Edith Cowan University (2009). Australian Covert Bullying Prevalence Study, CHPRC http://deewr.gov.au/bullying-research-projects Gaertner, L., Iuzzini, J., O’Mara, E. M. (2008). When rejection by one fosters aggression against many: Multiple- victim aggression as a consequence of social rejection and perceived groupness. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 958-970 Harding, A., McNamara, J., Daly, A., Tanton, R. (2006). Child social exclusion: an updated index from the 2006 Census, Australian Journal of Labour Economics, v.12, no.1, 2009: 41-64 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Kaspar, V (2013) Mental health of Aboriginal children and adolescents in violent school environments: Protective mediators of violence and psychological / nervous disorders, Social Science and Medicine, Vol.81, pp.70-78 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (2004), The Social Exclusion Unit, Office of the Deputy Prime Minister,London Salmivalli, C., Issacs, J. (2005). Prospective relations among victimization, rejection, friendliness, and children’s self- and peer- perceptions. Child Development, 76(6), 1161-1171 Saunders, P., Naidoo, Y. (2008), Towards new indicators of disadvantage: deprivation and social exclusion in Australia, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales. Tanton, R., Harding, A., McNamara, J., Yap, M. (2010), Australian Children at risk of social exclusion: a spatial index for gauging relative disadvantage. Population Space and Place, 16(2), 135-150. WHO, (2008). Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Final report. In Commision on the social determinants of health: Geneva: World Health Organisation Zubrick, S,R., Silburn, S. R., Lawrence, D. M., Mitrou, F. G., Dalby, R. B., Blair, E. M., et al. (2005). Summary report. The Western Australian Aboriginal Child health survey: Forced separation from natural family, relocation from traditional country or homeland, and social and emotional well-being of Aboriginal children and young people. Perth: Curtin University of Technology and Telethon Institute for Children Health Research. Lokman O.Mahat_Dian Atiqah_ 17289812 HHB 130 Discussion Paper

Difference Between Plutarchs And Shakespeares Caesar :: essays research papers

Difference Between Plutarch's and Shakespeare's Caesar Julius Caesar was in a precarious situation. It could be interpreted that he deserved the fate that pursued him for ambition or some other reason, or that it was a cold murder for which he did not deserve. Both Shakespeare and Plutarch wrote about Julius Caesar. Each tells the story a little differently. Plutarchs version is more sympathetic to Caear's situation. Shakespeare shows him to be an insensitive and conceited person thinking only of himself. This is shown by his reaction to Calpurnia's dream. After her description of her dream he says, "Caesar shall forth. The things that threatened me Ne'er looked but on my back; when they shall see the face of Caesar, they are vanished." This attitude to a warning implying that he was given fair warning and his death was partially due to his over confidence. On the other hand Plutarch gives him a more sensitive reaction to the dream in saying, "Caesar himself, it seems was affected and by no means easy in his mind." Moreover, Plutarch's writings show the long string of coincidences almost as Fate were deeming it necessary for him to die, and that he had no control over it. "...the scene of the final struggle and of the assassination made it perfectly clear that some heavenly power was involved...directing that it" (the assassination) "should take place just here. For here stood a statue of Pompey..." This stating that Caesar's murder was the deceased Pompey's revenge for he was killed by Caesar. Whereas, Shakespeare does not say anything about the statue and shows the same coincidences in the play as warnings to him that out of his own stupidity he did not take. Lastly, after Caesar's death the Romans were enraged to revenge him at

Conventions, The Skull Beneath The Skin

P.D. James claims to have used â€Å"the well worn conventions of the mystery to subvert them, stretch them, use them to say something true about characters, about men and women and the society in which they live† in her book ‘The Skull Beneath the Skin'. She sought out to rewrite the ‘cosy' style and she achieved this by challenging the traditional conventions. The Skull Beneath the Skin’ is almost a hybrid text because it is Contemporary but also blends classic ‘cosy’ style conventions with hard-boiled characteristics. Firstly, the fact that James has made the detective female is a significant subversion, it conveys the changing times in which it was written, 1982. During this time, roles of women and their social roles and barriers were changing rapidly, and this is reflective in the novel. As well as challenging the role of women in society another obvious challenge to the genre of crime writing is the denouement is not performed at the end of the novel, as is usually the case for many traditional ‘cosy' novels, but is instead closer to the middle crisis and unravelling of the case. Cordelia does not perform the resolution herself and no other guests are present during its unfolding. Instead, Ambrose undertakes the denoument, much to the embarrassment and fallibility of Cordelia. Other slight subversions of the genre include the fact that Cordelia Gray has an uneasy past and she lacks the intellectual capacity of the traditional cosy detective and the isolated setting at Sir Ambrose Gorringe's Victorian castle is a convention of the cosy but the blending of the cosy with the gothic genre challenges the norm for crime writing. On the other hand occasionally a convention was seen to be adhered too which is often hard to avoid. In the Skull beneath the Skin Society is left unstable, as Ambrose was never put behind bars. The killings weren’t really justified by the characters, or justified in a way we could understand as normal people. This convention holds true to Contemporary Crime Fiction.

The Agapito Flores Fluorescent Lamp Controversy

No one knows who initially proposed the notion that Agapito Flores, a Filipino electrician who lived and worked in the early 20th century, invented  the first  fluorescent lamp. In spite of evidence that disproves the claim, the controversy has raged for years.  Some proponents of the tale have gone so far as to suggest that the word fluorescent was derived from Flores last name, but considering the verifiable history of fluorescence and the subsequent development of fluorescent lighting, its clear that the assertions are false. The Origin of Fluorescence While fluorescence  had been observed by many scientists as far back as the 16th century, it was Irish physicist and mathematician George Gabriel Stokes who finally explained the phenomenon in 1852. In his paper on the wavelength properties of light, Stokes described how uranium glass and the mineral fluorspar could transform invisible ultra-violet light into visible light of greater wavelengths.  He referred to this phenomenon as dispersive reflection, but wrote: â€Å"I confess that I do not like this term. I am almost inclined to coin a word, and call the appearance  Ã‚  fluorescence  Ã‚  from fluor-spar, as the analogous term opalescence is derived from the name of a mineral.† In 1857, the French physicist Alexandre E. Becquerel,  who had investigated both fluorescence and  phosphorescence, theorized about the construction of fluorescent tubes similar to those still used today. Let There Be Light On May 19, 1896, about 40 years after Becquerel postulated his light-tube theories, Thomas Edison filed a patent for a fluorescent lamp. In 1906, he filed a second application, and finally, on September 10, 1907, he was granted a patent. Unfortunately, instead of utilizing ultraviolet light, Edisons lamps employed X-rays, which is likely the reason his company never produced the lamps commercially. After one of Edisons assistants died of radiation poisoning, further research and development were suspended. American  Peter Cooper Hewitt patented the first low-pressure mercury-vapor lamp in 1901 (U.S. patent 889,692), which is considered the first prototype for todays modern fluorescent lights. Edmund Germer, who invented a high-pressure vapor lamp, also invented an improved fluorescent lamp. In 1927, he co-patented an experimental fluorescent lamp with Friedrich Meyer and Hans Spanner. The Flores Myth Busted   Agapito Flores was born in Guiguinto, Bulacan, the Philippines, on September 28, 1897. As a young man, he worked as an apprentice in a machine shop. He later moved to Tondo, Manila, where he trained at a vocational school to become an electrician. According to the myth surrounding his supposed invention of the fluorescent lamp, Flores allegedly was granted a French patent for a fluorescent bulb and the General Electric Company subsequently bought those patent rights and manufactured a version of his fluorescent bulb.   Its quite a story, as far as it goes, however, it ignores the fact that Flores was born 40  years after Becquerel first explored the phenomenon  of fluorescence, and was only 4 years old when Hewitt patented his mercury vapor lamp. Likewise, the term fluorescent could not have been coined in homage to Flores, since it predates his birth by 45 years (as evidenced by the prior existence of George Stokes paper) According to Dr. Benito Vergara of the Philippine Science Heritage Center, As far as I could learn, a certain Flores presented the idea of fluorescent light to Manuel Quezon when he became president, however, Dr. Vergara goes on to clarify that at that time, the General Electric Company had already presented the fluorescent light to the public. The final takeaway to the tale is that while Agapito Flores may or may not have explored the practical applications of fluorescence, he neither gave the phenomenon its name nor invented the lamp that used it as illumination.